Fernand Léger (1881–1955) was a pioneering French artist pivotal to the development of modern art in the early 20th century. Born in Argentan, France, Léger initially trained as an architect but soon turned his focus to painting. His artistic journey evolved through various phases, each marked by a distinctive visual language. In the early 1910s, Léger became associated with Cubism, working alongside artists like Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. However, he diverged from the strict analytical approach of traditional Cubism, infusing his work with a dynamic energy and a focus on the rhythmic interplay of shapes.

Léger's art is characterized by a fascination with the urban and industrial landscape. His paintings often depict bustling city scenes, machinery, and the human form, stylized through his unique lens. Influenced by the rise of technology and the machine age, the artist embraced the visual language of abstraction, employing simplified forms and bold primary colours to convey the dynamicism of modern life.

Léger's iconic "tubism" concept, featuring cylindrical forms and tubular shapes that dominate the compositions; exemplified in masterpieces such as "The City" (1919), that encapsulate his vision of an industrialised, mechanised society. Beyond canvases, he explored diverse media, collaborating in film and book illustration. His versatility, boundary-pushing, and commitment to capturing the zeitgeist make him a visionary in modern art. Today, Fernand Léger is hailed not just for his artistic innovation but also for his lasting impact on the avant-garde movement, leaving an enduring legacy in the evolution of contemporary art.