Gustave Moreau was a French Symbolist painter known for his jewel-like depictions of mythological and religious subject matter. In his work
Salomé Dancing before Herod (1876), Moreau emphasized both the eroticism and ornamental aspects of the scene with heavy impasto and glints of bright color. “The expression of human feelings and the passions of man certainly interest me deeply,” he once explained. “But I am less concerned with expressing the motions of the soul and mind than to render visible, the inner flashes of intuition which have something divine in their apparent insignificance and reveal magic, even divine horizons, when they are transposed into the marvelous effects of pure plastic art.” Born on April 6, 1826 in Paris, France, he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts before taking private courses under the painter
Théodore Chassériau, whose work Moreau profoundly admired. Travelling to Italy in 1857, he studied paintings of
Leonardo da Vinci,
Michelangelo, and
Giovanni Bellini over a two year period. Along with his influence on the younger Symbolist painter
Odilon Redon, Moreau was also notably the professor of
Henri Matisse and
Georges Rouault at the École des Beaux-Arts. He died on April 18, 1898 in Paris, France. In 1903, the Musée National Gustave Moreau opened to the public in Paris. Today, the artist’s works are held in the collections of the Musée d’Orsay in Paris, the National Gallery in London, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, among others.