El Lissitzky was an avant-garde Russian artist and major figure in both Suprematism and Constructivism. Lissitzky’s politically fueled poster designs, photographs, and paintings melded formal abstraction with typography, as seen in his Proun series. “The artist constructs a new symbol with his brush. This symbol is not a recognizable form of anything which is already finished, already made, already existing in the world,” he once mused. “It is a symbol of a new world, which is being built upon and which exists by way of people.” Born Lazar Markovich Lisitskii on November 23, 1890 to a Jewish family in the small village of Pochinok, Russia. Much of his childhood was spent in Vitebsk, where he studied art from a young age under Yehuda Pen, who also taught Marc Chagall. In 1909, Lissitzky moved to Germany to study architecture at the Technische Universität in Darmstadt. At the outbreak of World War I, he and other Russian emigres were forced back to Russia. After the 1917 Russian Revolution, Lissitzky became involved with the newly formed Soviet government group Inkhuk (Institute for Artistic Culture). His work for the institute included designing exhibitions for Constructivist shows and typographies for books by Vladimir Mayakovsky. Lissitzky died on December 30, 1941 in Moscow, Russia. Today, his works are held in the collections of The Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Tate Gallery in London, the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., and the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, among others.